My Career As A Career - 709 Words

When I sit back and think about where I have come from, and where I see myself in the next few years, I can’t help but look back and think about the progress I’ve already made. The changes I made in my life from the kid that came out of school unsure of what he wanted, then becoming a Psychology major in college, then changing my major to Fire Science to pursue a career as a fire fighter, later finding out that the market in my area was flooded with too many professional fire fighters. When I finally came to terms with making a life for myself, I joined the United States Army and became and Combat Medic (Emergency Medical Technician) with an additional specialty of Radiology Technologist (RT). The life style and career change I found for†¦show more content†¦(Army Surgeon General and U.S. Army Medical Command headquarters) Online learning has been an advantage to reaching the goals needed for this field, and the ability to take many of the classes required from the environment of the military workplace, full of time changes and new mission requirements. Having access to online labs, at home anatomy studies, and professors able to help you from the other side of the nation have all had a unique place to the up-and-coming medical professionals. Without these technological resources, we would be unable to take the base coursework needed to complete our general studies, nor would we be able to continue our long-term coursework to complete our four-year degree requirements to continue forward to the PA Master’s degree program. Though the path to any degree may seem shaky and uncertain for some, especially in times of hardship, confidence can be had in this field as well. As quoted from the Department of Labor, â€Å"There has been a projected growth of 30 percent from 2014 to 2024, much faster than the average for all occupations. As demand for healthcare services grows, physician assistants will be needed to provide care to patients (†¦) with an average salary of $101,480 annually at approximately $48.79 per hour.† (US Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics) While the steps and processesShow MoreRelatedMy Career As A Career800 Words   |  4 Pagesbusiness owner lay a mystery in time. As I approach my time to attend college, I must choose what exactly I would study, so I could form a career out of it. In my seventeen years of life so far, I have had three predominant career choices: a neurologist, a writer, or a chemist. I’ve always wanted to be a physician of some sorts. This aspiration began in the very beginning of my life. When I was young, I would attend doctor appointments with my mother. I would notice how the doctor could accuratelyRead MoreMy Career As A Career745 Words   |  3 PagesSince childhood we are asked as children by adults what we want to do as a career. As children we give answers like doctors or teachers. As years go by and high school graduation looms some of those teenagaers still have the same careers in minds as they did as kids. While for many teenagers there dream career has changed many times. During college many of these teenagers pick majors that suit their interests and they know what they want to do for the rest of their lives. Then there are people thatRead MoreMy Career As A Career979 Words   |  4 Pages Since starting college in 2014 I have changed my major three times. I started out knowing exactly what I wanted to do as a career. I never wanted to merely work or have a job, I’ve always been someone who wanted to enjoy what I do regardless of the challenges or level of difficulty. I started out as a Biology major hoping to go into medical school, everything was set and I enjoyed all the classes I was taking until my second semester when I started chemistry. Technically I did fine, but the classRead MoreMy Career As A Career874 Words   |  4 Pagesmetabolism or expanding my horsemanship knowledge, it makes my brain happy. I have developed strong business acumen, valuing existing relationships and always cultivating new connections. My goal is to make everyday some kind of awesome, the parts of it I love and the parts I don t. I have always been fond of animals and as I matured I desired a career that would allow me to provide the health and quality of life for all kinds animals. I was reluctant to pursue a career in veterinary medicine becauseRead MoreMy Career As A Career1126 Words   |  5 Pagespicture myself doing as a career. I thought that by the time I was in college, I would have it figured out, as it turns out I am still not a hundred percent sure on a major, but I do have a major that really interests me which is psychology. My absolute goal while I am in college is to be able to say that I am completely happy with my major a psychology major. I want to be able to say that I did the very best that I could and graduate with a 3.5 GPA. When I think about a career that I would enjoy doingRead MoreMy Career As A Career1283 Words   |  6 Pagesknow what exactly what I wanted to do with a career. I was between two careers trying to figure out what would be best for me. The CIT career would be nice to learn something entirely new and at the same time tie it in with business some how. The problem I was having is trying to figure out what I was going to do with it. Doing the first set of activities in this class allowed me to learn what I really wanted in a job and what I can do with out. My career must allow me freedom to choose what I wantRead MoreMy Career As A Career Essay1720 Words   |  7 PagesFrom the time I was a little girl till now, I have consistently changed my mind on what I wanted to do for a career as I got older. Like every other little kid, I dreamed of being many things including: a professional gymnast, pop star, FBI agent, scrapbook artist, astronaut, orthopedic surgeon, chef, criminal science and the first person to cure cancer. I continued to change my mind until I reached my freshman year of basketball when I helped teach kindergarten through third grade at a summer campRead MoreMy Career As A Career725 Words   |  3 Pages There are a lot of things to take into consideration when thinking about where I want my life to go after I graduate high school. One piece of advice that I have been given is this; â€Å"Passi ons come and go. If you want to be satisfied with your life and your career make sure you’re helping people.† These two simple sentences have driven me to pursue a higher degree that I know will be put to good use. Going into the medical field was an obvious answer. I’d actually always been very reluctantRead MoreMy Career As A Career3874 Words   |  16 PagesOccupation Research Paper Introduction I first stumbled onto pursuing a career in pharmacy in grade nine during my technology and communications class when we had to make career pamphlets. Pharmacy, NOC number 3131, was the first career I chose since I like science and wanted to go into that field (). Researching this career, many aspects of this job had similar values which persuade me in to pursing this career. I was always been fascinated by science throughout high school and later on pursuedRead MoreMy Career As A Career963 Words   |  4 PagesI have known in my heart since I was a little girl what I wanted to be when I grew up. It was not a stereotypical child’s dream such as a doctor or an astronaut; my vision was instead something that has shaped my actions and decisions throughout my life. In the last few years I have realized that my passion for helping people is a natural calling that I am destined to follow. As a child I went through a lot of therapy to help cope with different situations that I was challenged with and ever since

The Life of a Slave Essay - 1189 Words

The Life of a Slave Imagine, if you will, rising earlier than the sun, eating a mere â€Å"snack†- lacking essentially all nutritional value - and trekking miles to toil in the unforgiving climate of the southern states, and laboring until the sun once again slipped under the horizon. Clad only in the rags your master provided (perhaps years ago), you begin walking in the dark the miles to your â€Å"home.† As described by the writers Jacob Stroyer and Josiah Henson, this â€Å"home† was actually a mere thatched roof, that you built with your own hands, held up by pathetic walls, over a dirt floor and you shared this tiny space with another family. Upon return to â€Å"home,† once again you eat the meager rations you were provided, and fall into bed†¦show more content†¦As seen in the writings of countless authors such as John Barbot and James Barbot, Jr., slaves faced unbearable living conditions in disease infested ships and often starved to death or died during their transatlantic voyage. Slaves were surrounded by the unfamiliar skin of the white man, as well as a dialect unknown to their ears. Unable to communicate, he suffered from not only the reality of his situation, but also the uncertainty of the future. Unable to cope, many slaves committed suicide in hopes of returning to their home, at least in spirit. Once, and if, they finally made it to the Americas, they were sold at auction and forever separated from any kin they may have had. As life continued, many slaves did adapt to the language, but few were ever able to fully embrace the culture – a culture that seemed to thrive on their demise and suffering. Once a slave acculturated himself to his â€Å"new home,† he found himself unable to re-establish his family ties. Even if a slave was lucky enough to find a significant other, often times they were separated by sale, as can be seen in the account of Laura Spicer and her lost love. Moreover, couples often found their children sold off to other masters never to be seen or heard from again, at ages as young as eight years old. Therefore, a slave’s life was full of perpetual uncertainty, and fear of abandonment and neglect. Their bonds of love were never enough to out-weigh the voice ofShow MoreRelatedThe Life of Slaves926 Words   |  4 PagesUntil recently, the historical and sociological focus on slavery had been limited to that of what the slaveholders did to the slaves and how they were treated. The new focus on â€Å"what enslaved men, women, and children did when the owners were not around,† (Schwartz 2001: pg 2) offers a new perspective on the communit y most affected by the institution of slavery. Having a more complete view of this institution provides greater context for understanding the ripple-affect of oppression within the AfricanRead MoreThe Daily Life Of A Slave964 Words   |  4 PagesThe daily life of a slave in North Carolina was incredibly difficult. Hard workers, especially those in the field, played from sunrise until sundown. Even small kids and the elderly were not exempt from these long work hours. Slaves were generally granted a day off on Sunday, and on infrequent holidays such as Christmas or the Fourth of July. During their few hours of gratuitous time, most slaves did their own personal study. The diet supplied by slaveholders was generally short, and slaves often supplementedRead Morethe life of a field slave VS the house Slave948 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ The Life of a Field Slave VS the House Slave Slavery was a ruthless and dreadful way of life for all slaves. Yet there were differences in rank between slaves. Minor class slaves were â€Å"field slaves†. Superior class slaves were â€Å"house slaves†. The daily routines of these slaves differed to a great extent. Field slaves only function was production. Their duties were to plant and cultivate the crops, clear the land, flame the undergrowth, roll the wood, split rails, transport waterRead MoreThe Life Of A Slave Girl The Typical Slave Family1754 Words   |  8 Pages1619 the first African slaves arrived into the United States to help with the production of crops that colonies like Jamestown needed assistance in gathering. With the idea of cheap labor being introduced the slavery system was created and would eventually evolve into a nightmare of constant abuse and cruelty. Slaves were thought of as just items to be owned and possessed no legal power. They were given scraps of food and small portions of water to split amongst other slaves who lived on or aroundRead MoreLife as a Slave in the autobiography, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave834 Words   |  4 PagesI don’t know why my life is of interest to you, as far as I’m concerned, I didn’t do anything miraculous, like raise the dead or cure cancer. But if my story will motivate someone to fight against human injustice, then I will tell you all about it. My story began as Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey, on a cold February day around 1818, in Talbot County, Maryland. I was born into slavery, to a black woman, Harriet Bailey, and a white father, who I would never know. They took me from my grandmotherRead MoreIncidents in the Life of a Slave Girl1112 Words   |  4 Pages In the non-fiction book â€Å"Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl,† by Harriet A. Jacobs and published in Boston in 1861. The author Jacobs was born into slavery in 1813, in a town called Edenton, North Carolina. Jacob uses the pseudonym Linda Brent to narrate her first person account. The book opens with Jacobs stating her reasons for writing a biography of her life story. Her story is agonizing and she had rather have kept it confidential, although she felt that by making it public thatRead MoreIncidents in the Life of a Slave Girl1455 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl,† Harriet Jacobs gives a detailed account of the life story of â€Å"Linda Brent† which is the pseudo name for herself, outlining the events which primarily focuses on her escape from her slave master, â€Å"Dr. Flint.† After learning that Dr. Flint has already fathered 11 children from his slaves, it is hard to imagine why he is never able to successful pursue Linda. After all, just based on the sheer number of his incidents of sexual relations with his slaves, it would seemRead More Life of a Slave on the Plantation Essay1464 Words   |  6 Pages Life of a Slave on the Plantation African slavery started at the 16th century and ended in the 19th century. Slave life was the most brutal and disrespected period of America. When Africans first stepped foot on the slave ships coming to America things were bad. The white man beat, raped, and treated the black men like animals. Life on the plantation wasn’t any better. The slaves didn’t work for a paycheck, they worked for their lives. The black man had difficulties adapting to the environmentRead MoreThe Life of Slaves in 1850 Essay928 Words   |  4 Pages Slaves in 1850 couldn’t do much with their lives. They could stay on their master’s plantation and do all sorts of extremely hard labor, get beaten, and experience what it is like to have family members sold away. Or they could try to escape. When a slave would try to run away he would normally have people sent, by his master, to hunt him down. If the slave was found he would most likely be killed; however, frequently all of the other slaves would have to watch him be executed and then later wouldRead MoreThe Life Of A Slave By Harriet Jacob Essay1505 Words   |  7 Pagespeople were treated so badly and it was â€Å"normal,† it was acceptable. These slaves lived and worked in very harsh conditions. I believe the only reason why we know so much about how bad slaves were treated is because of three autobiographies, Incidents in the Life of a Slave by Harriet Jacob, Autobiography of Frederick Douglass by Frederick Douglass, who had a huge impact during the times of slavery, and Twelve Years a Slave by Solomon Northup. Because of these three autobiographies historians can

Modern Business in Comparative Perspective Method

Question: Discuss about the Modern Business in Comparative Perspective Method. Answer: Introduction: Porters Diamond concept can be identified as a theory that can be utilized in explaining the competitive advantages of the countries. As mentioned by Negishi (2014) the theory developed by Heckscher-Ohlin about the competitive success of the nations identified that the countries use their resources for being successful in the international business competition. This model failed to answer how the countries do it. Porters Diamond model answers this question. However, the model proposed by Porter has been criticised with the arguments of the management school and the economic school. Moreover, many critics have identified that the model can only be applied in the context of the developed economies. However, with many other criticisms it can be considered as another inconclusive theory for analysing the national competitiveness. As mentioned by Fainshmidt, Smith and Judge (2016) the diamond model of Porter advocates that four different factors (demand conditions, factor conditions, related and supporting industries, and the Firm Strategy, Structure, and Rivalry) in a country determines the competitive stance of a country. Thus, the diamond model is able to identify the causes of major national business projects or the reasons of failures of some others. However, as argued by Shu, Lin and Ye (2013) this model has downplayed a number of crucial factors like the national governmental authority, the FDIs or the role of the MNCs in creating competitiveness or providing inputs into the progress of the national businesses. The diamond model and how it explains the national competitive successes: As mentioned by Kharub and Sharma (2016) the diamond model has identified that with the domestic demand for an industry, the supporting national infrastructure, existence of local supporting industries and the structure of the firms or the completion in the domestic market serve as the factors of competitive advantage for a country. According to Jambor and Babu (2016) with a huge concentration on the domestic factors, this model of Porter states that the domestic demand provides a scope for the companies to excel in a certain industry and the supporting industries help the companies to flourish. Moreover, Porter has identified that the factor like lack of land has helped the Japanese engineers to exile in manufacturing industry (Porter 2011). Thus, the diamond model identifies the factors those are influential in creating national competitiveness. A mere tautology: However, a number of criticisms have declared the theory of Porter as a mere tautology. As mentioned by Porter (2011) this particular model has made a case study of some economically developed countries has made an analysis of the cause of their development in the industrial and business sectors. This particular model has merely identified how those factors were initiated into the economy; rather it has explained how those factors have influenced the growth of businesses in that particular economy. In the case of Germany, the diamond model of porter has discussed that the strong base of the research and development sector of the country has positively influenced the growth of the chemical industry in Germany. However, the model has missed to identify what has initiated the establishment of the chemical industry or the research and development sector itself. Moreover, as identified by Alexandros and Metaxas (2016) the diamond model of porter has described that the domestic demand of t he cameras and the knowledge of the domestic customers about this product in Japan is being helpful for the nation to develop its success in the international camera business. However, the model has not identified what has created this particular pattern of demand within the market of Japan. As discussed by Riasi (2015) while considering the case of France, Porter has also identified the domestic demand as the cause of success or quality improvement of the wine industry in France. The model has typically ignored the cause of this demand within that market. Thus, the diamond model has merely stated the factors helped in business growth but it has failed to identify the origin of those factors and how those can be initiated for a market which lacks such factors. By failing to provide any theory about the different factors or demand creation the diamond model has become a mere tautology. Moreover, a number of critics have identified the applicability and validity of the diamond model of porter as limited. As mentioned by Wilson (2016) the model is basically a case study of a few economically developed countries and two newly industrial countries, Singapore and Korea. Hence, as mentioned by Riasi (2015) the proposals of the theory is more likely to be applicable or relevant to the economically developed countries. Empirical contravention: On the other hand, some empirical contravention of the provided theory of Porter has posed question on its validity for explaining the causes of competitive advantage among the countries. As mentioned by Fainshmidt, Smith and Judge (2016) in the discussion of porter, he has studied eight developed and two newly industrialized countries, Korea and Singapore. With the analysis of porter, he speculated that Korea is going to attain an advanced status of business in coming decades, whereas he has identified Singapore as a factor driven company which is less likely to attain a significant growth as compared to Korea. However, as identified by Tan and Ho (2015) since the publication of the discussion of Porter, Singapore has been identified as a more successful economy in business than Korea. This empirical difference has raised a doubt regarding the validity of the diamond model for determining a nation's competitiveness. Single diamond vs. Double diamond model: As mentioned by Kharub and Sharma (2016) Michel porter has defined that a strong national diamond or home base is a prerequisite for being internationally competitive. However, a number of critics have identified that a number of small scale economy that have entered into the international business and being successful, do not necessarily have a national diamond. Rugman and DCruz have identified that Canada typically lacks a strong demand conditions in its domestic diamond; however the strong and sophisticated foreign demand from the US diamond has helped the country to conduct a successful foreign business (Rugman and D'cruz 1993). Rugman and DCruz have successfully identified the lack of analysis or the limitation of the diamond model in reference to the foreign assistance. Ignorance to the importance of globalization and multinational companies: On the other hand, as identified by Liargovas and Apostolopoulos (2014) Porters lack of concentration on the importance of the multinational activities has limited itself in identifying the cause of growth of export-import business of various countries. The work of Cartwright identified that New Zealand has used the scope of globalization in conducting an export business with more than hundred countries, which has been ignored by the diamond model of Porter (Shu, Lin and Ye 2013). As mentioned by Riasi (2015) in the case of New Zealand, the Porter model could not explain the success of export-dependent and resource-based industries. Therefore, applications of Porter's home-based diamond require careful consideration and appropriate modification. In addition to this, Fainshmidt, Smith and Judge (2016) has identified that the home based focus of the diamond theory identified by Porter ignores the importance of the international countries in developing or improving the competitive stance in a certain nation. In the context of globalization, a domestic market is not necessarily important for many of the companies. As mentioned by Riasi (2015) the deregulation of world economy has opened the opportunity for various companies to operate in a stronger foreign market than its domestic market with less demand. Here the example of the KPO industry in the countries like India or Bangladesh can be cited (Javalgi et al. 2013). As per the Diamond model of Porter, for development of this industry the domestic demand or the supporting industries needed to be assertive or helpful. However, it proved to be wrong in the context of these countries. As discussed by Fainshmidt, Smith and Judge (2016) the growth of this industry in these nations i s typically driven by the scopes opened by the globalization, demand in the global market and the double diamond model. The Late Development Theory: As identified by Clifton, Glasmeier and Sheth (2016) a number of countries like Japan, Taiwan, Mexico or India are growing industrially by using their learnt knowledge of technology or market from the countries which took part in the first and second industrial revolution. According to Alice Amsden, while the countries like the USA, the UK or Germany is being successful with product or process innovation, the late developers like Brazil, India, Turkey or South Korea is competing on the basis of low wages, experience in using the technologies and state subsidies. However, the diamond model of Porter has ignored this particular historical dimension in its suggested factors for analysing the national competitiveness. The missing dimensions in Porters model: While identifying the missing dimensions of Porters model regarding competitive advantage, it is important to describe the contribution of Chandler in this same factor. As mentioned by Chandler, the structure follows the strategy. As described by Takahashi (2016) the case study of Chandler discusses that depending on the changes in the technological trends and the market demand, the large corporations make changes in their strategies. Now, depending on the demands of the strategy or the new created market trend, he companies make changes in the organizational structure to perfectly use the created market opportunity. With the establishment of the new strategies the companies become able to excel in their production and creating economies of scale which directs them to obtain competitive advantage. As discussed by Galbraith (2014) in the explanation of Chandler, he used the cases of Ford which transformed the car market by utilizing the strategies of Mass production, standardization e tc. which also drove GM to introduce the strategy of diversification of mass produced goods and multi department hierarchical management. Thus, the car industry of the US got a competitive advantage. However, the diamond model of Porter has missed the dimension of technological advancement and managerial strategies. As discussed by Fainshmidt, Smith and Judge (2016) Porters theory identified the way of national factors influencing competitive advantage, whereas the thesis of Chandler indentified the environmental factors like technology or market need those should be included in the diamond model of Porter. Moreover, Chandlers thesis has focused on the importance of management or strategies also needed to be included in the dimensions of Porters diamond model. The cultural aspects: In spite of the broad coverage of the Diamond model of Porter, Van den Bosch and Van Prooijen have identified that the model has failed to integrate the factor called national culture which is a significant influencing the business pattern in a certain country (Van Den Bosch and Van Prooijen 1992). As mentioned by Wilson (2016) Porter himself noted that many aspects of a nation such as attitude towards authority, norms of interpersonal interaction, attitude towards management and social norms influence the way firms are organized and managed. As identified by Van Den Bosch and Van Prooijen (1992) the culture of high work ethics or high saving rates of the Japanese citizens are influential in their success in a number of business enterprises. Moreover, the Japanese culture or belief of long term employment and incremental growth provides a scope to the domestic companies to specialise. Thus, the cultural aspects of a nation hugely contribute to the competitive advantage of a country. The role of government: As mentioned by Fainshmidt, Smith and Judge (2016) one of the greatest frailty of the diamond model of Porter is its failure to include the role of the national governmental authority in shaping desired success of the national industries or companies. As mentioned by Riasi (2015) depending on the polity or the national trade policy the companies become able to operate or excel in a certain industry. A government that follows a capitalist economy is more supportive to the business enterprises than a communist or socialist government. Moreover, as mentioned by Fainshmidt, Smith and Judge (2016) in the world of globalization, the governmental policy about the foreign trades is typically influential in the international success of a domestic company. Moreover, with an open economic policy the government can collect foreign investment to revitalize a domestic industry or the factor endowments like the labour efficiency or the structural factors like the improvement of the communication or infrastructure or many more. Thus, the diamond mode of porter has failed a major factor to include in within its framework. The importance of FDI: As mentioned earlier, the diamond model of porter has neglected the impact of globalization or the MNCs in creating competitive advantage for the domestic companies. As mentioned by Riasi (2015) Porter has argued that the FDI is more likely to create an erosion in the market share of the domestic companies. However, little empirical evidences have supported it. In most of the cases the foreign FDIs has revitalised the domestic companies and create competitiveness within them. The recent example of TATAs takeover to Jaguar can be identified as such an example (Fainshmidt, Smith and Judge 2016). Conclusion: Hence, in conclusion it can be said that the diamond model of Michel porter cannot define or analyse the causes of international business success of certain economies exclusively. The models over concentration on the domestic circumstances or single national diamond has limited the applicability and validity of the model as a standard framework for the explanation of the achievements of major national business systems. As per the above mentioned discussion, it can be said that the model needs to include some other aspects like international business relations, double diamond frames, the cultural factors and the importance of the government as the missing factors for analyzing the cause of the national competitive advantages. References: Alexandros, P.N. and Metaxas, T., 2016. Porter vs Krugman: History, Analysis and Critique of Regional Competitiveness. Journal of Economics and Political Economy, 3(1), pp.65-80. Clifton, J., Glasmeier, A. and Sheth, A., 2016. Revisiting development theory: Alice H. Amsdens impact on the field.. Fainshmidt, S., Smith, A. and Judge, W.Q., 2016. National Competitiveness and Porter's Diamond Model: The Role of MNE Penetration and Governance Quality. Global Strategy Journal, 6(2), pp.81-104. Galbraith, J.R., 2014. Designing organizations: strategy, structure, and process at the business unit and enterprise levels. John Wiley Sons. Jambor, A. and Babu, S., 2016. Competitiveness: Definitions, Theories and Measurement. In Competitiveness of Global Agriculture (pp. 25-45). Springer International Publishing. Javalgi, R.R.G., Benoy Joseph, W., Granot, E. and Gross, A.C., 2013. Strategies for sustaining the edge in offshore outsourcing of services: the case of India. Journal of Business Industrial Marketing, 28(6), pp.475-486. Kharub, M. and Sharma, R.K., 2016. Investigating the role of porter diamond determinants for competitiveness in MSMEs. International Journal for Quality Research, 1(10), pp.471-486. Kharub, M. and Sharma, R.K., 2016. Investigating the role of porter diamond determinants for competitiveness in MSMEs. International Journal for Quality Research, 1(10), pp.471-486. Liargovas, P. and Apostolopoulos, N., 2014. Regional Development And Renewable Energy Enterprises. A Porter'S Diamond Analysis. Theoretical and Practical Research in Economic Fields, 5(1 (9)), p.5. Negishi, T., 2014. HeckscherOhlin Theory (2). In Developments of International Trade Theory (pp. 81-86). Springer Japan. Porter, M.E., 2011. Competitive advantage of nations: creating and sustaining superior performance. Simon and Schuster. Riasi, A., 2015. Competitive advantages of shadow banking industry: An analysis using Porter diamond model. Business Management and Strategy, 6(2), pp.15-27 Rugman, A.M. and D'cruz, J.R., 1993. The" double diamond" model of international competitiveness: The Canadian experience. MIR: Management International Review, pp.17-39. Shu, Y., Lin, L. and Ye, J., 2013. An Empirical Study on China's Service Trade Competitiveness-Based on the Diamond Model. Management Engineering, (13), p.14. Takahashi, N., 2016. Strategy and Structure Follow Technology. Annals of Business Administrative Science, 15(1), pp.15-27. Tan, B.S. and Ho, Y.K., 2015. Singapore as an accountancy hub-a Porter's Diamond perspective. International Journal of Business Competition and Growth, 4(1-2), pp.44-56. Van Den Bosch, F.A. and Van Prooijen, A.A., 1992. The competitive advantage of European nations: The impact of national culturea missing element in porter's analysis?. European Management Journal, 10(2), pp.173-177. Wilson, P., 2016, May. The Impact of Culture on Cluster Competitiveness: a Revised Diamond Model. In Clusters as a Driving Power of the European Economy (pp. 162-175). Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH Co. KG.

Australian Immigration Laws

Question: Discuss about the Australian Immigration Laws. Answer: Introduction: I am a registered migration agent in Australia who is writing you this application to waiver the condition 8503 attached on my clients visitors visa. The name of the client is Sukhon Chaiprasit who is a 25 years old female Thailand citizen and holds a visitor visa Class FA, subclass 600 (tourist stream) with condition 8503 attached to it. Her visitor visa is about to expire in a couple of days, thus, my client Sukhon Chaiprasit wishes to get the condition 8503 waived on her visitors visa for applying for a fresh substantive visa in Australia. Condition 8503 is imposed on various temporary Australia visa and is referred as a No further stay condition. If condition 8503 is attached to an ones visa, it will means that the said visa holder except for a few exceptions, is not allowed to apply for any other visa in order to extend his stay in any manner till he is present in Australia. The only visa in such cases which is legally permitted to be applied for is the protection visa. Any visa holder with condition 8503 is allowed to apply for a protection visa. The primary reason for introducing the said condition was to ensure the Department of Immigration and Citizenship (DIAC)that visa holders with the said condition will leave the Australian territory before the expiry of their visa. The said assurance also allowed the Department of Immigration and Citizenship (DIAC)to sanction more visas as the fear of individuals present in Australia without visa permit was minimized. Thus, condition 8503 on any visa restricts the visa holdi ng on whose visa the condition is applies to apply for any other substantive visa except protection visa while his stay in Australia. The visa holder whose visa has the said condition attached has to leave the Australian land before the expiry of his visa and staying for even a single day extra after expiry of the visa date is illegal and can cause detention of the visa holder to depart him from Australia. In case, the visa holder whose visa has condition 8503 attached to it has to leave the Australian land and go back to his country to apply for a fresh temporary or permanent visa to return to Australia again for a longer period. Thus, condition 8503 restricts a visa holder from applying for any substantive visa while his stay in Australia, however under subsection 41 (2) (a) of the Migration Act 1958 and Regulation 2.05 (4) of the Migration Regulation 1994 he said condition can be waived by the Ministry of Immigration in Australia. To be eligible for the said waiver, the visa hold er has to comply with certain requirements mentioned under the above mentioned legislations. The Regulation 2.05 (4) of the Migration Regulation 1994 states the first requirement for waiver of condition 8503 attached to Australian visa. It states that for waiving condition 8503, the visa holder is required to satisfy the Ministry of Immigration in Australia that some circumstances has changed since the visa was applied for and granted which are beyond the control of the visa holder. Moreover, the visa holder having condition 8503 attached to his visa also has to show that the Ministry has not denied any prior application of waiver. The sub section 41 (2) (a) of the Migration Act 1958 gives the circumstances in which Ministry will accept the waiver application and grant the waiver. Thus, the said section states that the visa holder in order to waiver condition 8503 attached to his visa has to prove that from the time the visa was granted to him, circumstances have drastically changed with compelling reasons which are beyond the control of the visa holder which have resulted i n changed present situation of the visa holder. My client Sukhon Chaiprasit has eligibly complied with subsection 41 (2) (a) of the Migration Act 1958 and Regulation 2.05 (4) of the Migration Regulation 1994 and meets the conditions which are required to grant her waiver of condition 8503 attached to her visitors visa. The lists of compelling reasons in the said case are as follows:- Sukhon Chaiprasit reached Australia holding a visitors visa under sub class 600. While her stay, she was attacked while her say in Melbourne after she was heading back from dinner. She incurred certain injuries during the said attack to which the doctors report stated that Sukhon Chaiprasit should avoid travelling for a period of 6 months She was advised o visit the Australian doctor twice in a week for routine checks Her treatment was financed by the Crimes Compensation Tribunal Additionally, she was the only witness against the attacker in the court proceedings The above reasons are beyond the control and were not anticipated by my client while applying for the visitors visa. My client was totally unaware that such mishap would occur while her stay in Melbourne which will prevent her from travelling back to Thailand. Therefore, as a migration agent, I believe my client has met all the requirements necessary to be granted a waiver of condition 8503 on her visitors visa which can make her apply for a fresh Class UB Medical Treatment visa under subclass 602 without leaving the Australian land. I request you to consider the health of my client subsequent to the attack she faced in Melbourne and grant her waiver of condition 8503 as she has legally complied with ll the conditioned required by the statutory laws stated in 41 (2) (a) of the Migration Act 1958 and Regulation 2.05 (4) of the Migration Regulation 1994. The compelling reason in the said case being the attacked she faced which was totally unexpected which made it impossible for her to travel back, thus, the compelling reason also stands beyond the control of my client. Making my client travel back just to comply with condition 8503 and going against the doctors report which suggests her to avoid travelling for 6 months can be injurious to the physical and mental health of my client. Thus, in order to apply for the Class UB Medical Treatment visa under subclass 602 on grounds of her ill health which is backed by doctors report, it is important to waiver condition 8503 attached on his clients visitors visa. Therefore, I request the Ministry to use its discretion granted to it by the Statute under section 41 of the Migration Act 1958 to accept the said written application of waiver of condition 8503 on Sukhon Chaiprasits visitors visa and grant her the said waiver in order to make her apply for Class UB Medical Treatment visa under subclass 602. The said letter stated that all the requirements to qualify for a waiver of condition 8503 are met by my client. My client has not sent any other waiver application which was previously rejected. Thus, a grant of waiver of condition 8503 will be appreciated. The doctors report and recommendations are attached to the application letter. Thank you Yours Sincerely, Registered Migration Officer in Australia In the said case, Sukhon Chaiprasit visited another migration agent who applied for a fresh visitors visa, the said application was invalid. Sukhons visitor visa had condition 8503 attached to it. Therefore, according to Regulation 2.05 of the Migration Regulation 1994, the first step to apply for any fresh substantive visa would be to write an application to the Ministry request o waive condition 8503 attached to visitors visa. Section 46 of the Migration Act 1958 states that every visa application stands invalid if the same is made when the applicant is present in the migration zone and after he arrived in Australia; his visa has a condition attached to it which waiver is requested or refused by the Ministry after requesting or the same. Thus, the fresh visitors visa application of Sukhon Chaiprasit was invalid as she failed to get condition 8503 attached on her previous visitors visa waived. When a visa holder in Australia holds bridging visa, enforcement visa or criminal justice visa, section 48 of the Migration Act 1958 prohibits the said visa holders to apply for any other visa. Thus, Sukhon Chaiprasit as a migrant in Australia was subject to 48 of the Migration Act 1958 because she was capable of presenting in front of the Immigration Ministry a valid case which shows compelling and compassionate reasons which make her eligible for grant of waiver on the condition 8503 attached on her visitors visa in order to make her apply for another fresh substantive visa base on the changed circumstances which are beyond her control[9]. Every professional service providers have a Code of Conduct which is to be followed by every individual in the said profession. Thus, the registered migration agents in Australia also have a Code of Conduct which is present in Schedule 2 of the Migration Act 1958. The major breach of code of conduct committed by the former migration officer of Sukhon Chaiprasit was his failure to apply in writing for a waiver of condition 8503 attached on her visitors visa before making a fresh application of any substantive visa[10]. This action shows that the former migration agent of Sukhon Chaiprasit had poor knowledge of immigrations laws in Australia and violated section 2.1 of the Code of Conduct for registered migration agent which states that every migration agent should act following the immigration law and with diligence to serve the best interest of his clients. The migration agent also breached section 2.5 of the Code of Conduct which stated that a migration agent in Australia is required to be updated and keep his knowledge clear about the various migration laws in Australia including its amendments. Thus, the former migration officer of Sukhon breached the said section by apply for visitors visa where Medical Treatment visa under subclass 602 would be more appropriate after grant of waiver of condition 8503. Moreover, a migration officer is always required to be honest with his client about the possibility of success of their application according to section 2.6 of the Code of Conduct, thus, the former migration agent failed to state Sukhon that her fresh visitors visa could be rejected or stands invalid. Thus, failure of the former migration agent of Sukhon Chaiprasit to advice her clearly on the options she has for extending her stay in Australia prior to her attack and injuries, makes the agent violated the said sections of Code of Conduct for migration agents in Australia. Reference List Aas, Katja Franko.The borders of punishment: migration, citizenship, and social exclusion. Oxford University Press, 2013. Code Of Conduct (Regulation 8) Second Schedule Of The Migration Act(at 1) https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_reg/mar1998287/sch2.html Code Of Conduct For Migration Agent In Australia(at 1) https://www.mara.gov.au/becoming-an-agent/professional-standards-and-obligations/code-of-conduct/ Devetak, Richard. "In fear of refugees: The politics of border protection in Australia."The International Journal of Human Rights8.1 (2014): 101-109. Goot, Murray, and Ian Watson. "Population, immigration and asylum seekers: patterns in Australian public opinion."Population2010 (2011): 11. Hollifield, James, Philip Martin, and Pia Orrenius.Controlling immigration: A global perspective. Stanford University Press, 2014. Joppke, Christian.Citizenship and immigration. Vol. 2. Polity, 2010. Migration Act 1958 In Australia(at 1) https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/ma1958118/ Migration Regulations 1994 In Australia(at 1) https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_reg/mr1994227/ Phillips, Janet, and Harriet Spinks. "Immigration detention in Australia."Parliamentary Library20 (2013). Waiver Of Condition 8503(at 1) https://www.border.gov.au/about/corporate/information/fact-sheets/52b-nfc

The Masters of the Renaissance Leonardo, Raphael, Essay Example For Students

The Masters of the Renaissance: Leonardo, Raphael, Essay Michelangelo, and DonatelloThe purpose of this project is to educate the reader more about these four magnificent artists who enlightened the Renaissance Era with their beautiful art work and with many other of their talents. Leonardo Da Vinci, who lived from 1452 to 1519, was a recognized inventor and artisan. He was born in the town of Vinci, Italy. His upbringing was very good, he was given the best education that money could offer and he became a very bright man. He was taught about painting while working as a studio boy to a well-known painter and sculptor, Andrea De Verocchio. Da Vinci eventually left his apprenticeship to become a master painter. Da Vinci is most known for being the painter of the Mona Lisa (1503-1506), a painting that is greatly treasured in our society. Da Vinci was also known for very rarely finishing paintings, which he started. His works were mainly observed in Florence, Italy, but for a few years he resided in Milan, where he created another highly important piece of his career, the Virgin of the Rocks (1506-1508). Although in his 67 years of life he spent only a small portion painting he has impacted many people with his beautiful paintings and has even come to inspire other artisans. We will write a custom essay on The Masters of the Renaissance: Leonardo, Raphael, specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now An artisan who was inspired by Da Vinci was Raphael (Sanzio). Raphael was born in Urbino, Italy. Raphaels father who was a minor painter and a poet died when Raphael was 11 years old. Later on in his life he went to Perugia as an apprentice to his fathers friend, the painter Perugino. Gradually he became a greater artist than his teacher. From 1504 to 1508 Raphael spent most of his time in Florence. In this great cultural center he met Michelangelo, Leonardo Da Vinci, he studied and copied the works of these and other artists and quickly absorbed the new Florentine style. Raphael spent the last 12 years of his life in Rome. He was called to the city in 1508, when Pope Julius II decided to have certain rooms in the Vatican redecorated. When he saw Raphaels sketches, he asked the young artist to redecorate the four walls of four rooms in the Popes private apartments with frescoes. In these murals Raphael showed his genius for grouping crowds of magnificent figures. He is well known for his work, School of Athens (1509). The School of Athens shows Plato and Aristotle surrounded by philosophers past and present, this painting illustrates the continuity of Platonic thought. Raphael died on his 37th birthday, on April 6th 1520. Donatello was another legendary artist but in a different field than Raphael and Da Vinci. Donatello is known to be on e of the greatest sculptors of all time, so great of an artist that his techniques are still used today. Donatello (Donato di Niccol di Betto Bardi) was born in 1386, and died at the age of 80 in 1466.He was born in Florence, Italy. Donatello started practicing the art of sculpting at the age of 20. Later, on in his life he became a humanist and studied roman ruins. He started his own shop in Florence where he created many of his masterpieces. Donatello was greatly influenced by antique art and Humanist theories. His statues display, for the first time since antiquity, the human body as a functional organism. The city of Florence paid for the famous sculpture of David (1409), however many people complained that he was very hard to work with. David was the first nude statue of the renaissance. Donatello invented the shallow relief technique, in which the sculpture see ms deep but is actually done on a very shallow plane. He also made the first bronze sculpture paving the way for other sculptors to use other types of materials. Donatello was not an intellect as Da Vinci and as another famous sculptor was Michelangelo. Michelangelo (Buonarroti) was born on March 6, 1475 in Caprese, Italy. He became a very well known sculptor in history. Michelangelos mother was very ill during his childhood until her untimely death when he was only 6 years old. His father who was mayor of his

Earth with No Moon Essay Example

Earth with No Moon Essay Example Earth with No Moon Essay Earth with No Moon Essay Earth with No Moon A world with no moon would be much different without the Moon. Without the moon, Earth would be greatly different. The length of the day would be different, the origins of life on Earth would be slowed, and the biological evolution of life on Earth would vary greatly. But there would still be life on Earth, and many things on Earth would remain the same. Lunar tides are perhaps the most obvious effect of the Moon on Earth. The Earth without the moon would have a day that was only about 8 hours long. Tides occur because the gravitational force between the two bodies decreases with distance. This is because the tidal effects of the moon cause the high tides to flow westward, where they eventually run into land masses, which are moving to the east because of the Earth’s rotation. This, ever so slowly, slows down the rotation of the Earth. Overall, this causes the day to get longer by . 002 seconds per century. Over a few hundred years this doesn’t mean much, but over billions and billions of years it adds up to about 18 hours added on to the day. The faster a planet rotates the faster winds it has. Because the Earth’s tides, caused by the Moon, slowly slow down the rotation of the Earth, the speeds of the winds on Earth have slowed down significantly. Day to day life on Earth would be much different without the moon. The day would most likely still be around 8 hours long, with about three to fours or sunlight per day. Tall life forms like trees could possibly be knocked down because of their lack of time to grow deep roots and the wind speeds of up to 100 miles per hour on Earth. Certain studies show that many creatures function on a biological clock with days around 25 hours. If these animals were living on an Earth with no Moon, then their clocks would be thrown off. They might be hunting when they should be sleeping, or be hunting while they should be mating, which would make them easy prey for more well adapted predators. The high lunar tides gave the oceans of Earth the chemicals needed to evolve under the Sun’s radiation. An Earth with no moon would receive the same radiation from the Sun, but the chemical building blocks of life in the oceans would take much, much more time to develop. The only way these chemicals would enter the oceans is through rivers running into the ocean, nd the rate of that is much slower than what the high tides do. So the life on Earth would take longer to evolve without a Moon and high tides. Even though there are many things that would be different on Earth if there was no Moon, there are also many things that are alike. In an extensive sense, since the formation of the Moon was after the formation of the Earth, th ere would still be an Earth if there was no moon. Secondly, we would still have waves in our ocean, which are caused by storms out at sea, and are turned in to larger waves because of their motion up a sloping beach, which we would also have without a moon. And lastly, we would still have tides. These tides would be caused by the Sun. They would be smaller than the lunar tides, but there would still in fact be tides on Earth because of the Sun. Overall, life on Earth would be much different without the Moon. The length of the day would be different, the origins of life on Earth would be slowed, and the biological evolution of life on Earth would vary greatly. But there would still be life on Earth, and many things about life would still be the same.

Parson, the birth of modern politics ( U.S. History to 1865 ) Essay - 1

Parson, the birth of modern politics ( U.S. History to 1865 ) - Essay Example Historians have argued that Andrew Jackson was a person who showed people what it meant to be in a political arena. Some of the actions may have been positive while others negative, but he managed to enter the books of history about what politics really involves; honor, ethics, democracy, conflicts, racism and liberation. Lynn Hudson Parson argues about how modern politics came to exist. In the 1828 presidential election, Andrew Jackson, who was a Major General, contested against John Quincy Adams and this election was what was viewed to be one that will be remembers through history. It was viewed as the first truly democratic presidential election which implemented campaign tactics (Parsons, 99). In that presidential election, Andrew Jackson, a hot-tempered and whose education was not perfect showed his supporters that he was a man of the people, genuine of his word and this made him make history after defeating an aristocrat whose education and political experience matched no other. The election led to the coordination of media, fund-raising, rallies be organized, polling of opinion, use of campaigns and research on opposition in order to gain an upper hand at the elections. In The Birth of Modern Politics, Parsons goes on to bring out Andrew as a man who made a historical achievement. Parson goes on to say how the contest brought out a national debate that involved incitements against each other in terms of culture, social life and the economic values of people. Those whose intentions were pure and had an interest in community development were pitted against those who believed that the only way communities would grow stronger is not by them standing together, but as individuals with the freedom to ensure that their own interests were satisfied above others. Despite the difference in backgrounds between Andrew and Quincy, they had the same values at heart, and

Article Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Article Review - Essay Example Moreover, the limited funding usually available to managers of non-profits make them focus on only high-priority tasks, sacrificing quality of management. Hence, there is an inherent trade-off between management efficiency and leadership quality. Most non-profits seem to have one or the other; but the most successful few are those that display both these characteristics. Most leaders of non-profits surveyed for the article do indeed recognize this trade-off and admit to short-comings in their management standards. In their willingness to improve the same, these leaders were open to learning new techniques and principles and adopting them to their organizations. Some of them have already implemented some of principles and tasted success. The first of such measures is Getting Strategic Clarity. Achieving strategic clarity â€Å"means answering, in very concrete terms, two questions that are core to a nonprofit’s mission: What impact are we prepared to be held accountable for? A nd â€Å"What do we need to do - and not do - in order to achieve this impact?† (Stid & Bradach, 2009, p.37) By answering this set of questions, leaders are in a better position to align their resources and processes around core objectives.

Mozart's Background Leading Up to Don Giovanni Coursework

Mozart's Background Leading Up to Don Giovanni - Coursework Example During the seventeenth century, London was full of Italian opera. English composers did little to counter this trend. Most of the music that was sung in English was composed in an Italian manner. Arsinoe was such an example, which was sung with recitatives in place of spoken dialogue, and was the first of such opera to come to the London stage. As more performances were held, still Italian opera dominated English opera.Mozart concentrated in performing operas. Mozart’s opera production made a great change in English opera. Â  Later, people performing in music were differentiated, depending on details of rhythm, harmony, and accompaniment. Even the tone of the voice was used. Mozart had a skill that no other composer equaled to. his ensemble finale represented a section in which all the lines of the action were brought together and driven more and more swiftly to a climax or to the final solution of the plot, involving the appearance on the stage of all the characters, singly and in various combinations but in increasing numbers and excitements as the end of the act approached. Mozart’s music differs from Italian opera buffa and follows a general pattern indicated2. Mozart’s operas led to Mozart’s Don Giovanni, an operatic masterpiece full of iconic and mythical tensions. The opera had both the aesthetic and moral legacies.Mozart had an opportunity to listen to every kind of music which was written and heard in Western Europe during the many tours that he made alongside with his father. Mozart’s father had made numerous tours across Europe, alongside his family, Mozart included. Therefore, everywhere they stopped, Mozart had an opportunity to listen to music that was written and heard in that town. At each stop, Mozart acquired all the music that was not available in Salzburg, his birthplace. Mozart also met musicians who introduced him to new ideas and techniques of music. It is through these ideas that Mozart was capable of developing an excellent musical career that inculcated almost all the genres of music. For instance, Mozart imitated the music of Johana Schobert while they made a stopover in Paris, during one of their tours across Europe. Â  

The Leadership Of Youth In Nation Building Education Essay

The Leadership Of Youth In Nation Building Education Essay INTRODUCTION The term nation building is usually used to refer to the constructive process of engaging all citizens in building social unity, economic prosperity and political stability in an inclusive and democratic way. A nation is built out of the human intellect. This means that a nation cannot be built without the recognition and the collective efforts of all citizens, skilled and unskilled, young and old. Young people are a crucial segment of a nations development. Their contributions, therefore, are highly needed. Young people are social actors of change; and as the saying goes, The youth are not only the leaders of tomorrow, but also the partners of today. It is well known that the most vibrant section of every society is the youth. Therefore, the youth have the responsibility of being at the fore-front of any national exercise. Youth is that period when a man is full of energy, ambitions and zest for life. The power possessed by youth is a recognised force today. The power or the energy can be used for both constructive and destructive purposes. Whenever there is unrest in a country, political forces use youth for their further selfish interests [1]. Youth Leadership skills are relevant to young peoples personal development, as well as their role within a group. On a personal level, youth experiences gain insight into themselves. This helps them analyze their strengths and weaknesses and set personal and vocational goals. On a group level, youth develop the ability to work with others to create a shared vision and to draw on the talents, skills, and energy of others. The task of nation building is very challenging and can be divided into phases. Everyone can contribute towards it according to his or her capabilities. The young people should be made to understand a specific project and its importance to the society. They should be given a suitable direction so that they can work hard for its fulfilment. This will make them satisfied by the realisation that they have been assigned roles in the nation building. They would be prepared to work sincerely for the welfare of the society and the country. Every citizen, including the youths, should always have it at the back of their mind that nation building is a collective effort of all citizens in constructing a desired country. No contribution is too small or too big. It must also be noted that nation building starts from the community level up to the national level. LEADERSHIPS IN NATION DEVELOPMENT FORWARDING TO 1 MALAYSIA AND VISION 2020 The young, according to Pearl S. Buck (a Nobel Laureate in literature) do not know enough to be prudent, and therefore they attempt the impossible, and achieve it, generation after generation. Youth is that clay which can be melded in either shape one wants. In our belief, this is the sole reason for both exploitation and utilization of youth in the destruction and construction of any nation respectively. It is a fact that, the nations building is highly dependent on youth. Youth is that spark which needs no ignition. Youth is that powerful resource, which can either construct or destruct the whole nation. No doubts youth should step forward to take up on the responsibility in developing the nation. The countrys leadership should also embrace youths, as well as youth organisations, as they are the leaders of the future and would contribute to the nation-building efforts [2]. Awareness among youth is to be raised about the development issues and their potential roles in the country. It is also important to involve young people in the consultative process of designing policies that affect youth. If young people are inexperienced at work, they will also be inexperienced about policies but there are some important lessons that we have learned. For example, youths in their upper teens and 20s have been consulted, if not in decision-making, at least in informing them about legislation that would affect their lives. As such, the government policies and constitutional provisions which safeguard the needy will continue to be implemented. Prime Minister Datuk Seri Najib Tun Razak said that the 1Malaysia concepts ultimate objective is to achieve national unity among its people. He said In other words, 1Malaysia is a concept to foster unity in Malaysians of all races based on several important values which should become the practice of every Malaysian [3]. Malaysia is a formula which serves as a prerequisite to ensure realisation of the countrys aspiration to achieve developed nation status by 2020 if it is assimilated in the people and practised by society. If Bangsa Malaysia (the Malaysian race) outlined in Vision 2020 is the ultimate objective of this journey, then 1Malaysia is the guide pointing the way towards that objective. As such, youth leadership is one of the very important elements to ensure that the concept would not deviate from what had been agreed to by our forefathers. In fact, 1Malaysia values and respects the ethnic identities of every community in Malaysia and regards them as assets to be proud of. Y outh in order to make his/her country developed, has to sacrifice not only their lives by protecting their country at the borders but also has to protect from internal threats, and make the society a healthy place to live. It is possible only, if the youth realize to stay healthy by sacrificing selfishness, laziness, evilness etc., and by thinking dedicatedly for the growth of nation. Ignorance, fear, prejudice and apathy, if left unchecked, are fertile ground for breeding hatred, extremism, fatalism and fanaticism, which are the root causes of the worlds ills. So, youths of today play very significant role to demonstrate strong leadership potential, personal drive, and a passion and energy for making a difference in our community and country. No obstacle is too high, too deep or too wide for us to overcome if all of us especially the young generation who will be the leaders of tomorrow willing to join hands, think and act together as 1World. By quoting an old Malay proverb that Together, people could conquer all peaks and traverse all valleys. One way to inculcate youth leadership, youth can participate in the youth leadership academy [4]. The Youth Leadership Academy is dedicated to nurture and to build capabilities of future young leaders. As a participant, we will have the opportunity to improve our leadership skills, and be inspired by Malaysias most successf ul corporate leaders and young professionals. It is true that, youth is highly amendable, but one must show the guts to take up the challenge to guide the youth to a correct path. The central purpose of advocating youth leadership is to support youth in taking the initiative to engage in civic and community activities in order to build on their strengths and self-esteem and to work together as a team in building leadership skills. Youth leadership groups are similar to other youth development groups in that they are structured to offer youth educational, interesting material and resources that address current youth issues. Youth leadership groups are run by the youth themselves, but facilitated by a staff person in your program. Because the groups are self-directed by youth, the facilitator should serve as a support and guide for youth development. The key for the 1Malaysia concept is to practise mutual respect and trust among the different races in Malaysia. However, mutual respect is not just tolerance [5]. That is just the bare minimum. Mutual respect means we have embraced unity in diversity. And secondly, we must trust one another. But trust is not something gained overnight. But if done consciously over time, it will eventually happen. Once trust is developed, Malaysia will be the sum total of all races. We will not be moving as separate communities but as one Malaysia and we will be stronger. It will be a new Malaysia because well change our mindset because we trust and respect each other. We hope all will join us to bring Malaysia to greater heights. That is why youth leadership programs come in handy whereby they enable the youths to learn from the best, and really develop themselves personally and professionally! According to the National Centre on Secondary Education and Transition, youth leadership activities can help contributing to and being involved in promoting the well being of the community, developing and using a positive attitude within leadership activities, developing strong, trustworthy relationships with responsible adults and peers, interacting and collaborating with individuals from diverse cultural and ethnic backgrounds, participating in a wide array of career exploration activities, maintaining a commitment to academic and lifelong learning, maintaining and demonstrating a healthy lifestyle. In a nutshell, the core elements of unity are, firstly, the attitude of acceptance among the races and the people, secondly, principles of nationhood based on the Federal Constitution and the Rukun Negara (National Ideology), and, thirdly, social justice. As such, the government policies and constitutional provisions which safeguard the needy will continue to be implemented Malaysia has come a long way since its independence. It has survived the Japanese occupation, followed by colonization by the British Empire. After years of power struggle and much bloodshed, Malaysia is now 52 years old and growing since it freed itself from the grip of foreign forces. However, independence was not the final objective of Malaysia. Inspired by the struggle of our forefathers, Malaysia craves for global recognition as a developed nation as well as a place on the world map. Who then is to lead Malaysia into achieving this particular dream? The answer is definitely not the current leaders as human is of finite life. It is worth mentioning a quote from our former premier, His Excellency YAB Tun Dato Seri Dr Mahathir Mohamad during one of the recent Malaysian Business Council meetings. He (Dr. Mahathir) mentioned that most of the present council members will not be present on the morning of January 1, 2020; instead, the great bulk of work that must be carried out to ensur e Malaysia as a fully developed nation will obviously have to be done by the present generations youth. However, the current leaders should not neglect their role in guiding them (the youths) as well as lay the secure foundations that the youths will build upon [6]. The ultimate aim of Vision 2020 is to make Malaysia a fully developed country, hoping that Malaysians born today and in the years to come will be the last generation of citizens to live in a country that is called developing. What then you might ask is a fully developed country? Just as Dr. Mahathir put it, a developed country should not only be developed in the economic sense but also be fully developed along with all other dimensions namely politics, social, spiritual, psychology and culture [7]. The aforementioned criteria carry a significant amount of truth in them. In terms of politics, if the ruling government is corrupted and insensitive towards the community he or she serves, the country will not be able to progress. An unstable political system often results in chaos as it results in public demonstrations whereby in some cases, violent clashes between citizens and the nations defense body may occur. Violent situations like this creates an image of fear and insecurity and oft en these are the major factors that influences the decision of foreign investors on whether to invest, continue investing or to pull out. As mentioned earlier on, human life is finite, hence the current governing body will need replacement someday and this replacement will ultimately be succeeded by the current generation the youths. From the above paragraphs, it is noted of the significant role the youths of today will have to bear in the future. What about the current youths? How are they contributing towards the nations growth? Youth bodies or communities such as B.R.A.T.S., Rakan Muda, YouthSays, and the like are led by youths and for youths. Its activities comprise of culture, social, sports, and etcetera. So how is it this a contributing factor towards the countrys development? Recalling what Dr. Mahathir mentioned earlier on, the development of the country should be developed along with other dimensions such as, social, spiritual, psychology and culture. Youth bodies such as the aforementioned promotes social bonding activities via forums, sports, support groups, and so forth. Furthermore, Malaysian culture can be promoted too via its cultural activities in the form of dance, drama, music, and so on. As mentioned earlier on, these bodies are led by youths for youths and it is only through successful leader ship that will permit all these activities to be executed successfully. In other words, the present youths too contribute towards the developing of our nation. To sum it all, youths whether it is present or future play a major role in contributing towards the success of Vision 2020 furthermore the development of the country. Let it be present or future, it is the youths that will eventually succeed their predecessors moreover lead the country towards its goals and vision. The capability of youths is powerful as displayed in their current activities and they are inevitably going to be the nations upcoming successful leaders. This is why youths are the key in succeeding the countrys Vision 2020. EFFORT TO INCULCATE YOUTH LEADERSHIPS IN MALAYSIA YOUNG ENGINEERS AND PARTIES INVOLVED Empowering youths towards leaderships enables all of us to get involved in nation building besides promoting national unity and social integration as well as becoming the role models in the society. Efforts has been undertaken to equip youths with the necessary skills and qualities to ensure them of a better future and to meet the accelerated pace of economic development and the changes in the environment. The strategic thrusts for the development of youths will be as follows [8]: Empowering youths for the future through improved access to education and training; Increasing participation of youths in youth organizations; Inculcating the spirit of competitiveness among youths; Strengthening the legal framework of youth development programs; Promoting national unity and social integration. To encourage youths to participate actively in nation-building, their accessibility to education and training will be further enhanced while leadership and skills training, entrepreneurial development and healthy lifestyles program can be carried out more extensively. In addition, self-confidence and discipline are positive elements which should be incorporated in the character building program. Measures shall be undertaken to increase the accessibility of the youths into life-long learning program through distance education and non-formal education as an effort to ensure balanced development. With the healthy mental and physical attributes, excellence results in nation growth could be achieved. According to the Ninth Malaysian Plan, National Youth Research Institute will be established to undertake research in six areas, namely socialization of youths, culture and religion, youth potentials and integrity, youth organizations, leadership and volunteerism, education as well as political awareness. Besides, national youth act Youth Societies and Youth Development 2007 has been introduced to ensure the youth programs are implemented in an integrated, coordinated and synergistic manner. In the aspect of leadership training, effort has been put to build a new breed of young leaders as prime movers of development. In this regard, the curriculum of leadership training program could be strengthened to make it more proactive and relevant to future needs. It is estimated that about 100,000 youths, including NGO leaders, will be trained under this program [8]. The government will continue to develop and instil leadership qualities among youths by conducting courses and training on good values and positive attitudes. Special courses on values will also be conducted to mould youths as responsible citizens and role models in society. Greater awareness on the important role of youths in forging and promoting unity towards building a united Malaysian nation has been given priority in the leadership training programs A quality youth leader should equip themselves with soft skills in order to outperform as a nation builder. As Malaysia is a multi racial country, interaction and communication among each other should be further enhanced in order to bring our nation to leap on a larger step of improvement with all of us working together on it. Hence, to check racial polarization among youths, more multi racial youth organizations could be established to allow for greater interaction among them. In addition, good moral values such as understanding, harmony, respect for the culture and tradition of other races, goodwill and trust will also be inculcated among the youths to enhance nation building efforts. The private sector will also be encouraged to contribute to youth training as part of their social responsibility. More active participation of youths at the international level could be promoted through intergovernmental and non-governmental institutions. In effort of nation building involving wide range of people, the implementation of Rakan Muda Programs has been strengthened to focus on specific target groups, particularly youths who are out of the education system and the unemployed youths as they are more vulnerable and easily influenced to be involved in negative and unhealthy activities. In this regard, Rakan Muda Program will focus on efforts to create role models among youths who are caring, skilled and dynamic. In addition, these programs will also focus on enhancing cooperation amongst agencies involved in the social agenda [8]. A program named, Program Memperkasakan Tenaga Muda, will be implemented specially for youths who are not selected for PLKN. Activities and modules under the PLKN will be carried out to ensure those who are not selected for the PLKN training to be exposed to similar program which helps a lot in character building towards quality leaderships. To better prepare students for the PLKN, the Government will incorporate this program into the co-curricular and curriculum in secondary schools. The participants of the PLKN will be encouraged to join Rakan Muda Program to continuously nurture the spirit of volunteerism and solidarity amongst them [8]. The various skills and leadership training program aimed at empowering youths has been undertaken by the Ministry of Youth and Sports, Ministry of Entrepreneur and Cooperative Development and Ministry of Human Resources. Nevertheless, combating social problems among youths could help in nation building. The measures should be taken to avoid the youth from influences by negative and unhealthy activities, but on the other hand improving self inner qualities in order to contribute to the country as well as leading the nation towards progressive development. During the Ninth Malaysian Plan period, the Government has continued to give emphasis on preventive and rehabilitative program to combat social problems among youths. Closer cooperation between the local communities and government agencies in stemming crimes among youths will be established. In addition, training program for youths in the high-risk crime group will be carried out to nurture them to become responsible citizens. Apart from producing a productive and disciplined young generation, youth development program should continue to focus on skills training and entrepreneurial development to encourage self-employment among youths. They will be trained to be resilient and to withstand challenges in a competitive environment through on-the-job training and exposure to real work situations. This is to prepare ourselves towards real time challenge as we ultimately will come to work environment and contributes in different aspect or in different fields. Youth leadership program had given emphasis on the role of youths in society and fostering national unity with a sense of common and shared destiny. ROLE OF YOUNG ENGINEERS AND SUCCESSFUL EXAMPLES One may see an engineer as a person with a university education in engineering who may take an idea and turn it into a useful thing for other people to use. An engineer may make a better mouse trap, or tell people how best to build a bridge or a skyscraper. Whatever things to they wish to do, an engineer is to make sure people are safe and the next is to improve life. They can become very good engineers who can handle tools and machineries. Die-hards and loyal engineers to these perceptions have been losing out in terms of managerial positions, wealth and leadership to those who are enterprising and see business as well as quality management as prime factors to improve life, build better bridges and skyscrapers. In this fast changing world, the expectations towards engineers have changed. Engineers have to leave their cocoon if they wish to be better engineers of today and see the reality of life which is getting more sophisticated and complex. They need skills to manage people, technology, money, physical facilities, time, money and other resources. In addition, they also need to communicate effectively with society and other non-engineering people from various professions. Prestigious universities in the USA have been pushing for changes in their engineering programs. One might wonder why and whats behind the sudden push by universities to produce people-smart engineers? Successful engineers must learn to be a leader not mere follower neither only as a faithful employees in an organization. These skills and knowledge shall be acquired from the humanities and social sciences disciplines. An engineer must no longer a person who is shy away from things and challenges to be confronted as they can be better engineers, scientists and wealthy entrepreneur with their equipped technical and interpersonal skills as well as passion in solving problems for improvements. Engineering is a profession that covers a wide variety of disciplines. The tasks and studies of the various fields of engineering are vastly different, though each requires problem solving through the use of mathematical and scientific principles. Such fields include civil, electrical, aerospace, computer, chemical, environmental and mechanical engineering. No matter what will be the speciality, it requires a time-consuming, intense course of study and efforts beginning as far back as high school in order to become a well equipped engineer. Throughout the years, our government has increases its access to education and training especially on engineering field. We generate young professionals to enhance income generation capabilities, as well as life quality improvement of Malaysians. Nevertheless, the education and training system on engineering field has yet to be restructured, especially with greater private sector involvement in order to cater for the demand and needs of our local industries in their specified fields. Aspiring engineers should focus on developing different types of skills such as detail oriented, keen analytical skill, good communicator, able to work on a team, able to build and improve the way things work, or creative thinker. It is not easy to become a successful engineer in this world without any long journey of hard work. In Malaysia, there are a lot of successful engineer born in this country. Associate Professor Dr. Law Chung Lim is a lecture from The University of Nottingham. Associate Professor Dr. Law Chung Lim of the School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering at the Malaysia Campus was conferred the Young Engineer Award by the Institution of Engineers Malaysia (IEM). This award comes in recognition of Chung Lims involvement in various academic and research undertakings, as well as his societal and voluntary commitments and contributions [9]. Chung Lim has served the Institution of Engineers (IEM) since Jan 2004 and is actively involved in its activities. He has organised technical talks and technical visits for the Chemical Engineering Technical Division and has reported six events in the bulletin Jurutera over the years. Further to this, Chung Lim was a member in the sub-committee of Career and Guidance of Admission Practical Training Committee and IEM Computer Lab Project Committee in 2005. In addition, he served the 1st and 2nd Malaysian ChemECar Competition organising committee as a secretary, MC cum judge in 2004 and 2005. Besides, he also served as secretary cum treasurer and chemical risk and health assessor for the regional ChemECar competition which was held in KL in conjunction with the Asia Pacific Confederation on Chemical Engineering Conference, APPChE. Chung Lim also contributes to the reviewing of manuscripts submitted to the Jurnal IEM [9]. Over the years, Chung Lim has worked extensively on various research areas which has give a lot of important outcome in many aspects, ranging from research publication, equipment design, product development and many other researches. He innovatively modified a conventional fluidized bed dryer and proposed two modified fluidised bed dryers, viz. baffled fluidised bed dryer and two-stage cross flow fluidised bed dryer. The inventions won him a bronze and a gold medal in 2003 and 2005 respectively. Chung Lim obtained two e-Science research grants from the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI) and involved in three MOSTI grants which amount to over RM1.25 million. He has published more than seventy five papers including journal articles, handbook chapters, book chapters and review articles and conference papers. He has produced five equipment designs, fabricated and commissioned three prototypes of unit operation, conducting three product development projects, supervisin g seven postgraduates, received two award of excellence from the institution, and two awards of best paper [9]. As a researcher who is actively involved in drying and dehydration, Chung Lim receives requests to review manuscripts submitted to various journals, namely Drying technology, Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, Chemical Engineering Science, Jurnal of IEM, Pertanika and Jurnal Teknologi. Over the years, he has reviewed more than fifty five manuscripts and technical papers. Chung Lim received a certificate, medal and a prize award of RM500.00. Speaking after receiving the award, Chung Lim said, I shall continue to strive hard to remain worthy of this award. I shall uphold professionalism, make more contribution to promote engineering as a profession and conduct more impactful researches to the enrichment of knowledge [9]. CONCLUSION Nation building is a collective effort of all citizens. As an old saying goes: the youth are not only the leaders of tomorrow but also the partners of today. The Youth, as the energetic ambitious and highly capable people, have the responsibility, passion and power of being at the fore-front in developing the nation in a democratic and constructive way. Undoubtedly, Youth leadership is a significant element to ensure the concept of One Malaysia would not deviate from what had been agreed to by our forefathers. Also, Youth play a very important role to demonstrate their potential, motivation and passions of making a different in our community. The young generation, as tomorrows leaders; have to think together as one. The opportunity of improving our leadership skills is being given to us by taking part in civic and community activities. Youth leadership programmes will give emphasis on the role of youths in society and fostering national unity with a sense of common and shared destiny to develop the mutual trust and respect among different races in Malaysia at the young age and promote the well-being of the country. Moreover, Youth organisations are important and contribute to Malaysian nation-building and development because youth organisations have served as a training ground for many national leaders in Malaysian history. As empow erment emphasizes development of collective rather than individual goals, it will henceforth lead to capacity building and setting the agenda for changes for Malaysia. In an effort to attain developed nation status by the year 2020, the Malaysian government has made strategic thrusts for the development of youths by improving the access to education and training, inculcating the spirit of competitiveness among youths, strengthening the legal framework of youth development programs; increasing participation of youths in youth organizations, and promoting national unity and social integration. Most importantly, the essay would not bring any benefits if we did not know the roles of young engineers in building this nation. With the profession of many disciplines, engineers should not only develop their personal technical skill but also be creative thinker, good communicator and think positively to distribute to group success. In fact, youth leaders, as the powerful pressure groups and guardians of transparency, will enable themselves to query government policies and performance for corrective action to be taken for the development of a Malaysian Malaysia. According to Abdul Rahman Embong, Malaysians (especially with the emergence of a middle class) would like to have greater democracy and a stronger civil society. This is essential for youth organisations and their leaders to champion these new challenges to check and balance in all major issues, government policies and implementation, because youth comprises a significant proportion of the Malaysian population.

Ireland :: essays research papers

Ireland   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ireland is a country in Europe with a coast on the Atlantic Ocean. It is called the Emerald Isle because of its green color. Its people derived mainly from Great Britain. Most of the population is Roman Catholic. The Climate is much like ours.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The republic of Ireland covers 83% of its stand with the other 17% containing the country of Northern Ireland. There are twenty-six counties in the Republic with the over-all capitol of Dublin. The six northeastern counties form the county of Northern Ireland which is actually connected to the republic. Northern Ireland is part of the United Kingdom, where as the republic is not. The whole Island was under British rule before 1922. The island containing the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland, is separated by the original ruling country of Great Britain by way of the Irish Sea.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ireland is actually a detached fragment from the European Mainland. Most of the country is 500 ft. above sea level. The surface of the country is covered by glacial drift from the Pleistocene ice age. This period left eskers, or long gavel ridges, and drumlins or small hills that were left behind by the glaciers. You can find the start of this belt in the west of the country by Clew Bay. It continues across the country.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the south of Ireland, there is a series of parallel ridges of Devonian sandstone. The ridges rise in elevation westward and lead up to Carrantuohill, the largest mountain in the country. The famous lakes of Killarney are located at that point. The lakes are famous for their scenic beauty.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the southeast of Ireland, granites from the Devonian age makeup the uplands which travel 80 mi. in a northeasterly direction towards the counties of Wexford and Wicklow, reaching the south shore of Dublin Bay. These uplands are glacier modified valleys.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Most of the soil in Ireland have been formed of Glacial Drift. Limestone, as around here, is the most common bedrock in Ireland, Making it even more like our area. Gleyed soils are commonly found where there is poor drainage, such as in the north-central lowland. Because of past wetness and acidity, peat has accumulated to form bogs that now cover thousands of acres in the midlands. These bogs are useless for agricultural purposes, but very useful in the source of peat fuel. Peat covers much of the higher hills and supports much vegetation making it actually an indirect importance to agriculture. It also makes good grazing for sheep.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The climate of all of Ireland stays mainly as a cool maritime climate. July has average temperatures ranging from 61 degrees in the south, to 57

Chaos and the strange actor of meaning Essay

According to Cable an employee’s duties are to take care of his or her safety and health, cooperate with the supervisor, utilize resources, contribute to developments and generally everything listed in the employee contract (2007). A leader’s duty that should not be performed by an employee is to create and explain to team members their job description, provide and allocate resources, keep open communication lines, and mentor employees of the company among others (Cable, 2007). Leaders have guidelines for planning personnel so as to can allocate them into the right positions. These include; firstly looking at what is needed, defining the work, and then check the plans according to the guidelines. In assessing individual capabilities if they are suitable, leaders should be able to know the guideline for measuring which include; what they are designed to measure and predict and level of objectivity, and standardization (Cable, 2007). In order to motivate employees effectively in an organization, the leaders should be able to communicate clearly, reward individual efforts, and engage them in problem-solving among others. According to Cable, change can be managed in an organization by nurturing the guiding group, relaying the right vision and mission, and find ways to make the change a new culture of the organization (2007). Information can be managed by leaders through providing focus on adoption policies, and choosing projects wisely and many more. When it comes to designing jobs, the processes of complementing should marry the objectives, and should be continuous among others. Relationships grow in an organization when people treat each other with integrity, respecting one another’s boundaries and accepting individual difference (Cable, 2007). These new science guidelines for business organization ensure to leaders are able to, tap into people’s skills, projecting positive image to the clientele and strengthening company credibility (Cable, 2007). Managers and leaders should learn how to communicate effectively, being honest, building beneficial relationships, should be fair and open, and model favorable behaviors. References Daniel M Cable. (2007) .Change to strange: create a great organization by building a strange workforce. Upper Saddle River, N.J Source document

Printable Chemistry Quiz - Atom Basics

Printable Chemistry Quiz - Atom Basics This is a multiple choice chemistry quiz on atoms that you may take online or print. You may wish to review atomic theory before taking this quiz. A self-grading online version of this quiz is available, too. TIP:To view this exercise without ads, click on print this page. The three basic components of an atom are:(a) protons, neutrons, and ions(b) protons, neutrons, and electrons(c) protons, neutrinos, and ions(d) protium, deuterium, and tritiumAn element is determined by the number of:(a) atoms(b) electrons(c) neutrons(d) protonsThe nucleus of an atom consists of:(a) electrons(b) neutrons(c) protons and neutrons(d) protons, neutrons, and electronsA single proton has what electrical charge?(a) no charge(b) positive charge(c) negative charge(d) either a positive or negative chargeWhich particles have approximately the same size and mass as each other?(a) neutrons and electrons(b) electrons and protons(c) protons and neutrons(d) none - they are all very different in size and massWhich two particles would be attracted to each other?(a) electrons and neutrons(b) electrons and protons(c) protons and neutrons(d) all particles are attracted to each otherThe atomic number of an atom is:(a) the number of electrons(b) the number of neutrons(c) the number of pro tons(d) the number of protons plus the number of neutrons Changing the number of neutrons of an atom changes its:(a) isotope(b) element(c) ion(d) chargeWhen you change the number of electrons on an atom, you produce a different:(a) isotope(b) ion(c) element(d) atomic massAccording to atomic theory, electrons are usually found:(a) in the atomic nucleus(b) outside the nucleus, yet very near it because they are attracted to the protons(c) outside the nucleus and often far from it - most of an atoms volume is its electron cloud(d) either in the nucleus or around it - electrons are readily found anywhere in an atom Answers: 1 b, 2 d, 3 c, 4 b, 5 c, 6 b, 7 c, 8 a, 9 b, 10 c

Prologue Essays

Prologue Essays Prologue Essay Prologue Essay Thesis Rorers sin for seeking revenge is worse than Hester and Urethras adultery sin because Roger took it upon himself to seek Justice in an inhumane way that lead to the death of Arthur, Pearl without a father, and Hester alone to raise Pearl without the love of her life. Although Hester and Arthur committed adultery sin, which is punishable by death, Rorers sin to seek revenge is even worse because he decided someone elses faith for them, when the Puritans believed only God can control that. The towns people were convinced Dry. Chlorinating moved into Arthur Damselflys mom to be his caretaker; only Hester knew his real reasoning behind being Urethras doctor. While Dry. Chlorinating was collecting herbs for his medicine Hester decided to confront him: muff hound him every waking moment, give him false medical advice, to increase his discomfort, and cause him to die a living death each day. Hester has figured out Rorers purpose to deteriorate Urethras health is the ultimate revenge he hopes to accomplish for Hester cheating on him. Roger has given Arthur the wrong medication Just so he can watch the reverend die slowly and painfully. In the end of the story with his last breath Arthur comes clean about his sins to the town and wishes God can forgive Roger because he has deeply sinned. In contrast to Rorers sin, Arthur was set free for telling the truth and died in peace. During this time the Puritans abided by laws from the bible; only God controls faith. Because Roger became evil he decided Urethras faith by lying and giving false medical advice. For that he has sinned more deeply than Hester and Arthur because they told the truth about their secrets while Roger has defied God.

Project management of aproject that i will give Essay

Project management of aproject that i will give - Essay Example resources and effort used and discounts the proficiencies of the project manager, thereby providing a rigid and accountable project management method. It establishes clear dependencies and facilitates identification of the critical path of the process. However, the method tends to be tedious when the number of paths and activities is large in number. It is also difficult to monitor the pace of the project using this method. WBS: WBS enables the identification of all the tasks required to complete the project and enables the project manager to move around things easily. Adding, deleting and modifying activities is a simplified process. However, it does not provide an exhaustive picture and is does not provide a chronological sequence of occurrence of the activities. A work package is a set of activities that can be assigned to an individual participant in a project. A work package helps plan a group of related activities that provide a common end result. Estimates from the parameters of work packages help determine the pace of the project as a combined set of all such estimates of related work packages. WBS is used to decompose a complex activity into a set of individual and discrete activities. An organizational breakdown structure help define the hierarchical constitution of the project’s and responsibilities. CPA is a mathematical approach to enabling the scheduling of projects. The structure of a WBS is communicated between a project manager and those responsible for each of the discrete activities. OBS is used by the project team to have an understanding of the report and command mechanism between different team members. CPA is used by the project planner, who estimates the time required for each activity and transition from one activity to another. Without a WBS, there would be no possibility to decompose a complex project into a set of simple activities. Without OBS, team members would not know whom to report to and whom to take orders from. Without a